You should avoid drugs that slow down the intestines, such as loperamide Imodium or atropine-diphenoxylate Lomotil , which can make the condition worse. Severe shigellosis can be treated with antibiotics, but the bacteria that causes it are often resistant. Your strain of Shigella bacteria may be resistant, and your doctor may need to adjust your treatment plan.
Amebic dysentery is treated with metronidazole Flagyl or tinidazole Tindamax. These drugs kill the parasites. In some cases, a follow-up drug is given to make sure all the parasites are gone. In severe cases, your doctor may recommend an intravenous IV drip to replace fluids and prevent dehydration. Postinfectious arthritis: This affects about 2 percent of people who get a particular strain of the Shigella bacteria called S.
These people can develop joint pain, eye irritation, and painful urination. Postinfectious arthritis can last for months or years. Blood stream infections: These are rare and most likely to affect people with weak immune systems, such as people with HIV or cancer. Seizures: Sometimes young children can have generalized seizures. This complication generally resolves without treatment. In rare cases, amebic dysentery can result in liver abscess or parasites spreading to the lungs or brain.
People who have shigellosis and work with children, in food preparation, or in healthcare should stay home until the diarrhea has stopped. If you or a partner has shigellosis, avoid having sex until the diarrhea has stopped.
Most people with amebic dysentery are sick for anywhere from a few days to several weeks. Your doctor must prescribe medication to get rid of the parasite that causes this type of dysentery. When travelling to these areas, you should avoid:. Amebiasis is a parasitic infection, common in the tropics and caused by contaminated water. Symptoms can be severe and usually start weeks after…. Here's what you need to know about the causes of forearm pain, plus how to treat it. Diarrhea can cause uncomfortable irritation around your anus, but you may be able to soothe the pain for yourself or your baby with home remedies.
Learn about the connection between diarrhea and the common cold, as well as how to treat them and when you should call a doctor. Poor hygiene is the main source. Shigellosis can also spread because of tainted food. In Western Europe and the U. The amoebae group together to form a cyst , and these cysts emerge from the body in human feces. In areas of poor sanitation, the amoebae can contaminate food and water and infect other humans, as they can survive for long periods outside the body.
Good hygiene practice reduces the risk of spreading infection. The doctor will ask the patient about their signs and symptoms and carry out a physical examination. A stool sample may be requested, especially if the patient has recently returned from the tropics. If symptoms are severe, diagnostic imaging may be recommended. This could be an ultrasound scan or an endoscopy. Complications of dysentery are few, but they can be severe. Dehydration : Frequent diarrhea and vomiting can quickly lead to dehydration.
In infants and young children, this can quickly become life-threatening. Liver abscess : If amoebae spread to the liver, an abscess can form there. Hemolytic uremic syndrome : Shigella dysenteriae can cause the red blood cells to block the entrance to the kidneys, leading to anemia , low platelet count, and kidney failure.
To reduce the risk of infection, people should wash their hands regularly with soap and water, especially before and after using the bathroom and preparing food. This can reduce the frequency of Shigella infections and other types of diarrhea by up to 35 percent. It is best to use purified water to clean the teeth, and avoid ice cubes, as the source of the water may be unknown.
Food poisoning is common and preventable but what is it and what causes it? Learn about how long food poisoning may last and ways to prevent it. Diarrhea, which refers to unusually loose or watery stools, is a common problem with many potential causes.
Several treatments can help. Learn more…. Eating contaminated food can lead to diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. It can also cause inflammation and develop into stomach flu. If your symptoms are severe or persistent, a GP may prescribe a short course of antibiotics. If you have very severe dysentery, you may need treatment in hospital for a few days. If you're travelling to a country where there's a high risk of getting dysentery, this advice can help prevent infection:.
Read more about food and water safety abroad. Bacillary and amoebic dysentery are both highly infectious and can be passed on if the poo faeces of an infected person gets into another person's mouth. This can happen if someone with the infection does not wash their hands after going to the toilet and then touches food, surfaces or another person.
In the UK, the infection usually affects groups of people who are in close contact, such as in families, schools and nurseries. In developing countries with poor sanitation, infected poo may contaminate the water supply or food, particularly cold uncooked food.
Page last reviewed: 06 January Next review due: 06 January Other symptoms of dysentery can include: painful stomach cramps feeling sick or being sick vomiting a high temperature Dysentery is highly infectious and can be passed on if you do not take the right precautions, such as properly and regularly washing your hands. Types of dysentery There are 2 main types of dysentery: bacillary dysentery or shigellosis, which is caused by shigella bacteria; this is the most common type of dysentery in the UK amoebic dysentery or amoebiasis, which is caused by an amoeba single celled parasite called Entamoeba histolytica, which is mainly found in tropical areas; this type of dysentery is usually picked up abroad Treating dysentery As dysentery usually gets better on its own after 3 to 7 days, treatment is not usually needed.
How you can avoid passing on dysentery Handwashing is the most important way to stop the spread of infection. Take the following steps to avoid passing the illness on to others: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after going to the toilet. Read more about how to wash your hands. Stay away from work or school until you've been completely free from any symptoms for at least 48 hours.
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